An overlyalkalinesoil pHcan lead to problems with chlorosis, so keep the soil pH slightlyacidicorneutral. Psilocybe Azurescens, a.k.a. Here is a general formula for making the upper and lower gastrointestinal health, much better Take 10 to 30 drops of the Canadian Fleabane extract and add to a cup of Marshmallow Root, Calendula Flower, and Yerba Mansa Leaf Tea. All rights reserved. Humans do extremely unnatural thingserecting large concrete jungles where we lay down copious amounts of wood chips, says Jordan Jacobs, a fungi forager and chemist who runs a lab in Oregon that tests magic mushrooms. These animals can sniff it out. Once mature, this protection is usually not needed. Prints will be collected so the spores have a chance to be spread by the wind. Like hundreds of tiny eggs waiting to hatch, THERE THEY WERE!Clearly, there are no mature specimens yet, but just a single day-long rain episode like Washington is known for (like the kind we HAVEN'T had in months) will make this entire patch push 'em out like jiffy-pop. Bruising moderately, sometimes the aged stipe is darkened and hard to see bruising, but the cap margin will always bruise blue. And in a wonderful twist, according to Rockefeller, you will see them at the police station and city hall., Jacobs, the recreational mushroom forager who runs a testing lab, found his first magic mushrooms on the Humboldt State University campus where he was an undergraduate. Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons. The fruit from quince shrubs (especially the related C. japonica) can be used in jams and jellies. It is a fungal species found all over the world, including islands in Oceania, Australia, Europe, and North and South America (1,2). If a lookalike has a rusty orange spore print, it is NOT a cyanescens and could be poisonous. In colder regions (zones 5, 6), it is best to move the pots to a sheltered location for the dormant winter months, as the exposed above-ground roots can be susceptible to cold damage. In natural environments, the different varieties of the native species grow six to 10 feet high with a similar spread. Though P. ovoideocystidiatas origin is less mysteriousit grows wild in the Ohio River Valley today all three fungal species are in lockstep with human expansion. Alkaline Nutritional Condition as the Cause for the Chlorosis, Flowering quince, Chinese flowering quince. Hes heard stories about P. cyanescens growing alongside a road near a mulch factory where freshly chipped wood would fall off trucks. There are nearly two hundred different kinds of psilocybin mushrooms that grow all over the world. It prefers to grow on trails or forest roads, as opposed to in the forest. Wherever they came from, who knows if well ever know, Slot says. Azurescens contain significantly more psilocybin than psilocin (psilocybin being more stable, deteriorating more slowly than psilocin) so that after a few months of storage in a cool dark environment, the mushrooms tend to retain most of their original potency. Rockefeller has spent more time than most searching for magic mushrooms, and he brings the unique perspective of a naturalist to his foraging. Because fruiting depends on a drop in temperature, the season changes from year to year. And yet they are by far the most commonly foraged psychedelic species in the U.S., in part because the Pacific Northwest has become the epicenter of these wood-loving magic mushrooms popping up in urban landscapes. P. cyanescens was first described in a 1946 paper written by Elsie Wakefield, a mycologist and plant pathologist who found them in the Kew Gardens in Great Britain. Somewhere in Carkeek par. Several cultivars of flowering quince are commonly sold at garden centers, and there are also hybrid crosses of other Chaenomeles species. Fireblight in Ornamentals. Purple-brown to purple-gray or purple-black; Spores 9-12 x 6-8 um, elliptical, smooth, with an apical pore. Slot thinks it is this preference for exposed habitats, like wood chips and manure piles, that may have led to the evolution of psychedelic compounds. We pride ourselves in genetic transparency and viability of our spores so you wont be disappointed! If you pick enough mushrooms and know enough about them, you too may someday discover a new species of fungi. My dad, and friends, have gone out picking, with no luck as of yet. How to Grow and Care for Bridal Wreath Spirea, How to Grow and Care for Queen Elizabeth Rose, How to Grow and Care for Shooting Star (Fireworks) Hydrangea, How to Grow and Care for Doublefile Viburnum Shrubs, How to Grow and Care for Dwarf Flowering Almond, How to Grow and Care for Bloomerang Lilac, How to Grow and Care for Catawba Rhododendron, How to Grow and Care for Korean Spice Viburnum, How to Grow and Care for 'Miss Kim' Lilac, How to Grow and Care for Mexican Orange Plant, How to Grow and Care for Fragrant Tea Olive (Sweet Osmanthus), Iron Chlorosis on Calcareous Soils. We provide a wide variety of lab grade and wild spores that are shipped discreetly right to your door. If youre looking to pick psilocybin mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest, cyanescens are a good species to start with. Badly timed pruning can also snip off the flower buds and ruin the bloom season. While the well-known Psilocybe cubensis contain .14-.42% psilocybin, Psilocybe azurescens are packed with 1.78% psilocybin. There are nearly two hundred different kinds of psilocybin mushrooms that grow all over the world. While the most commonly cultivated mushrooms, are not found natively in Washington, potent species such as. A wild culture of Ganoderma Oregonense, commonly known as "reishi". The small, cone-shaped mushrooms both have a purplish, brown spore print. These capped mushrooms look similar to Liberty caps though the bell is a bit wider and larger, typically. The genus Psilocybe contains some 180 species (with new species still being discovered) found within a broad range of habitats. If you own a shop in Seattle and are interested in selling spores, contact us for information about purchasing wholesale spores. Sometimes these fungi are referred to as blue ringers, Washington blue veil, or blue legs. With their caramel-colored caps, bright white stems, and broad umbo (the nipple-like structure in the center of the cap), Azurescens are quite distinctive in appearance, once you get your eye in. To the untrained eye, many Psilocybes can look like any other LBMs (little brown mushrooms) hiding amongst the undergrowth. A flowering quince shrub that remains healthy can live for several decades. Print Fruiting Season: Most common from late summer up until mid winter when frost begins to stunt their growth. Cardboard or burlap can also be used. The largest cyanescens i ever found was in West Seattle about three blocks for the Fauntleroy Ferry Dock. This partial veil falls away as the cap expands, with the margin of the cap sometimes retaining a temporary white edge and an annular zone on the upper part of the stem that is often dusted with purple-brown spores. The edge of the cap (the margin) is often even, striate (meaning the flesh is thin enough around the edge to see where the gills join the cap underneath), and sometimes with a pale blue or azure color. I feel like I'm being followed, because I normally do not have to worry about my shadow tailing meAll the spots that produced heavy flushes for my buddies and me are yet fruitless, but mycelium is abundant so we all know it'll take just one more heavy rain to launch everybody into caramel-capped ecstasy. Pruning should be fairly light, but when done immediately after blooming it will stimulate new growth that makes for more profuse blooming the following spring. We take no responsibility if anything from this site is used in any fashion that can be considered illicit or illegal. It is believed that a fairy will be bringing a rain gift of alder tea and hydrated chips in the coming week. Mycology is a science all its own and there is so much to learn. Related to roses, flowering quince has a thorny habit and easy-to-grow nature that makes it a good choice for barrier or border plantings. P. cyanescens was first described in a 1946 paper written by Elsie Wakefield, a mycologist and plant . You can walk around the woods forever in California and you will not see them, says Alan Rockefeller, chief mycologist at the international pharmaceutical company Mimosa Therapeutics. Once you have gotten your spores, you might be wondering what to do with them. Learning how to take a spore print is also essential for the proper identification of different mushroom species. nearly two hundred different kinds of psilocybin mushrooms, A Guide to Ketamine Clinics in Seattle and Beyond, A Feast for the Mind, Body, and Soul: Arrington de Dionyso, One Step Closer to Legal Psilocybin Therapy in Oregon, Oregon Legalized Psilocybin Therapy and Effectively Decriminalized Drugs Tonight, How to Pick Psilocybin Mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest. The roughly 5,000-year-old human remains were found in graves from the Yamnaya culture, and the discovery may partially explain their rapid expansion throughout Europe. Please be respectful of copyright. Mostly found after rains in October and November in washington and January through February in california. Why wetlands are so critical for life on Earth, Rest in compost? "Story short - We went back to the shop and I made him a blend of dry Canadian Fleabane, some Yerba Mansa leaf, and Marshmallow root, in tea, and asked him to drink a quart a day. You can find this extract in my shop - under Single Plant Extracts! September 11, 2019, SOUP & The Rattlesnake Bite! Follow with a deep watering to distribute the fertilizer around the roots. But considering they both have low doses of psilocybin and are otherwise safe, theres no need to differentiate to safely consume them. The Pacific Northwest is home to Psychedelic news and lifestyle content for the higher-minded. DoubleBlind Mag is devoted to fair, rigorous reporting by leading experts and journalists in the field of psychedelics. Aeruginascin is very similar in structure to psilocybin, except it contains a third methyl group. Like most psilocybe species, these mushrooms turn a deep purplish blue when they are crushed or bruised. Prune to shape as needed in spring after flowering to stimulate growth of flowering spurs which will improve bloom for the following year (although such pruning will reduce fruit production for the current year). The plant is best collected as a whole plant, roots and all, collecting before it goes into major flowering. Heres why each season begins twice. azurescens can be grown on a variety of plant or wood-derived substrates such as Alder chips (Alnus rubra) or other woody mulches. But you dont have to be an expert to reap the benefits of our fertile mushroom grounds. Azurescens grow naturally in a small part of the North American west coast, primarily Oregon, along the coastline near the Columbia River delta. As the story goes, they were first found In 1979 by a group of Boy Scouts, camping close to the mouth of the Columbia River in Oregon. North Carolina State Extension. It only takes a small piece of the stem and mycelium to start an entirely new patch. Even here, the bloom period is rarely more than two or three weeks, at most. So care must be taken to identify them with certainty before consumption. Blending in some additional sand may help the potting mix drain better. 3-6 cm tall, 3-6 mm thick, equal to sometimes enlarged at the base, the latter with conspicuous thickened mycelium (rhizomorphs); surface white, smooth to silky, bruising blue; veil fibrillose, forming a superior, evanescent hairy, annular zone. But its important to remember that local races are also important. There is still much to learn about their biology, ecology, and evolutionary history. Also a good plant remedy for restoring better function to any mucous membrane tissue, which makes it very useful in Hayfever & Allergy, and upper respiratory conditions. Here on the coast we are lucky to have Cyans and Ovoids in abundance. And where its legal, order it. One of the most sought after strains on the market, available to you now. North Carolina State Extension. P. cubensis contain psilocybin and psilocin at 0.140.42 percent and 0.371.30 percent, respectivelywhereas, P. azurescens contain approximately 1.78 percent psilocybin, 0.38 percent psilocin, and 0.35 percent baeocystin, according to Stamets and Gartz account. These mushrooms grow in house between some plants and a tree. It's a cold weather wood loving species and thrives in the Seattle area due the alder mulch used in landscaping. The peninsula's potential as a park was recognized in the early 1890s. And there is no need to look any further to. A spore print is made by removing the cap from the stipe (stem) then placing it gills side down on a clean piece of aluminum foil and covering it with a container or bowl. If youre willing to take the time to learn the different species, where to find them, and how to identify them safely and definitively, and then you can be confident enough that you know how to pick psilocybin mushrooms in the Pacific Northwest. As legalization movements gain steam and the evidence grows ever stronger for magic mushrooms as powerful mental health interventions, it will be interesting to see where foraging in mulch beds fits into the evolving cultural and medical landscape. Recently, a few of them were discovered on the University of Washington Seattle campus. A spore swab is made using a sterile cotton swab to run through the gills of the mushroom to collect the spores. Use a large, heavy pot with good drainage, filled with a standard commercial potting mix. Some notable varieties include: Several hybrid crosses between C. speciosa and C. japonica (Japanese quince) are also excellent landscape plants. BROWSE OUR SITE AND ENJOY THE WORLD OF UNIQUE ITW genetics *All orders are dispatched within 1-5 business DAYS, IF NOT SOONER. Before I was born, all the adults in my life loved the Psilocybe semilanceata, more commonly known as Liberty Caps. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. Add to - (Mix all dry herbs together, before pouring boiling water over them) Marshmallow Root 1 part. Using Some Plant Medicines to treat a Rattlesnake Bite! It is helpful in Ulcerative Colitis, Diverticulitis, IBS (irritable bowel syndrome), and many other lower GI conditions. Psilocybe cyanescens, like all mushrooms of the Psilocybe genus, have a hygrophanous nature, meaning their coloration shifts depending on hydration levels. Flowering quince is a member of the rose family as evidenced by its thorny stems and flowers and leaves that resemble those of roses. How did this mountain lion reach an uninhabited island? With the passing of Mushrooms Going Mainstream The Rise of Psychedelic Content on Streaming Platforms Caution: May contain spoilers Over the past few years, we have seen an increased acceptance of psychedelic mushrooms in mainstream society. This is Canadian Fleabane. Preferable 4:1 alder sawdust to alder wood chips, small chips. Let us go back to the shop and I will fix you right up with this tea. The surface of the cap is smooth, with a viscous appearance when moist, feeling sticky to the touch, with a separable gelatinous pellicle that can be removed if the cap is broken carefully. Where necessary, spraying with a horticultural oil or neem oil can combat these pests. These mushrooms feed on wood that's had a lot of the good stuff already taken out of it explains Jason Slot, a biologist who studies fungal evolutionary genetics at Ohio State University. Once it flowers, the fluffy seeds get onto everything and if they make it into your tea you will wish you had been more careful! Bats and agaves make tequila possibleand theyre both at risk, This empress was the most dangerous woman in Rome. There is currently no satisfactory explanation, and a few theories abound, but aeruginascin is touted as a possible culprit. We recommend the following two educational resources as good places to start learning more about mushrooms: Fungi Academy offers extensive paid courses, both online and in person, on how to grow and use medicinal and gourmet mushrooms. But today, P. cyanescens is a global species whose natural history is fundamentally entwined with people. Canadian Fleabane - 10 to 30 drops of extract. Flowering quince reacts badly to alkaline soil and may withhold flowers if the soil pH is not acidic or neutral. Provided you live in a country where its legal to grow psilocybe mushroosm, some tips for ps. Theyre poised to colonize a resource as soon as it becomes available.. Most people are likely to be more familiar with Psilocybe cubensis, the incredibly cosmopolitan species grown in cupboards and under beds all over the planet. The stem is often white in appearance turning a dirty grey or brown with age. How To Plant, Prune, Fertilize, Water And Care For Flowering Quince Bushes. They can be started in small batches, then expanded, and in time be used to set up garden beds. I said. Cubensis that produces gold pigmented spores. We provide a wide variety of lab grade and wild spores that are shipped discreetly right to your door. You want to leave the plants whole to retain as much of the medicinal oils that you can. Psilocybe cyanescens (sometimes referred to as wavy caps or as the potent Psilocybe) is a species of potent psychedelic mushroom.The main compounds responsible for its psychedelic effects are psilocybin and psilocin.It belongs to the family Hymenogastraceae.A formal description of the species was published by Elsie Wakefield in 1946 in the Transactions of the British Mycological Society, based . Aphids can cause significant damage to new growth. Wait one more month and then transplant outdoors. Psilocybe azurescens are often referred to by a variety of common names: Azzies, Astoriensis, Flying Saucers, Blue Runners, Blue Angels, or Indigo Psilocybe. I knew I was close. Perhaps Al Gore was onto something ;) The last few days have been very sunny and dry, unusual for this area. Learn tips for creating your most beautiful home and garden ever. Canadian Fleabane during flowering, and NOT the best time to gather. They grow in tight clusters (cespitose) or individually (gregarious). This can often be rectified with an annual feeding with an acidifying fertilizer. Young specimens have a white partial veil resembling cobwebs covering the cap. It is native to China, Tibet and Myanmar (Burma). I said, I am having a "blood sugar crashing thing" and I need to go eat something, why don't you join me for lunch and I can do a consultation while I eat. The underside of the pileus is densely gilled, and they possess a thin gelatinous veil . We talked for awhile, and I got a fairly good health profile from him and told him, I know of an amazing plant medicine that almost always works for Ulcerative of Colitis. Read our. They are found growing inland on deciduous wood chips and/or in sandy soils rich in ligneous debris. Expect Umbonate caps, consistent flushes and a new strain for your library. THE SPICE OF LIFE TEA - Possible Pandemic Remedy - Millions Of People Already Have An Amazing Collection Of Plant Medicines In Their Kitchen - Great For The Immune System, Anti-Viral, Antibacterial & Excellent For Respiratory Health! How to Grow Flowering Quince From Seed. While the wood chip supply chain question remains unanswered, every expert interviewed for this story agreed on one way magic mushrooms surely spread: humans. Generated in 0.019 seconds spending 0.006 seconds on 4 queries. We are grateful and proud to present to you, Psilocybe Cubensis Tosahatchee. It was Conyza canadensis, Canadian Fleabane. Reishi is recognized for both its unique growth variations as well as its medicinal benefits. How a zoo break-in changed the life of an owl called Flaco, Naked mole rats are fertile until they die, study finds. There is only anecdotal evidence of this happening in the U.S., and without a comprehensive genetic study, it is impossible to make any strong claims one way or the other. Cyans are found in Portland also. No Cyans yet! You can mimic the winter cold by putting the seeds in the refrigerator for 60 to 90 days; then remove them, plant in soil, water, and cover with plastic until germination occurs. Their spore prints are dark brown with a sometimes purple hue. 2021 DoubleBlind Mag | Privacy Policy | Refunds, Psilocybe azurescens at different stages of growth. How does wildlife interact with this shrub? The same techniques used to grow mushrooms such as Stropharia rugosoannulata or Lepista nuda, as described in Stamets book Mycelium Running, can be adapted to grow a variety of wood-inhabiting species. The Psilocybe pelliculosa and the less common psilocybe silvatica contain a relatively low dose of psilocybin, making them perfect candidates for micro-dosing, according to Corbett. But for those in the know, three are of particular interest: the potently psychedelic Psilocybe cyanescens, Psilocybe allenii, and Psilocybe ovoideocystidiata. Wavy-capped psilocybe cyanescens are your best bet for mushroom hunting in urban areas in the Pacific Northwest. can be found nearby if you are lucky and know where to look. Older Post The oval leaves with serrated edges are glossy dark green, growing to a maximum of about 3 1/2 inches. South from Auburn/Kent to Bellekirk, Bellevue, Kirkland, to Seattle Center, and all parks and schools had grass root growing shrooms. Heres another tip.. a must among hunters.. bring toenail clippers and clip the mushrooms off instead of pulling them out. After a month, check to see if the cutting has rooted by gently tugging the stem. These are the F2 grow by BAS. Flowering quince is not a good choice if you're looking for a shrub with multi-season appealthough its thorniness does make for a good barrier hedge. Theyre one of the most beloved and potent psilocybin mushrooms. To distinguish between the two, you need a microscope. Fully developed cap is about 15-20 cm diameter. If you know where to safely wander on farmland, you can find these exceptionally potent psilocybin mushrooms growing in pastures with cow manure. By the time I came of age, much of Puget Sounds farmland had been developedmaking harvesting Liberty Caps more difficult. Specimen or group in shrub border or cottage garden. While magic mushroom spores were already legal to purchase and possess in Seattle for microscopy use, the recent decriminalization means that law enforcement will make enforcing the laws surrounding the cultivation and consumption of psilocybin containing mushrooms their lowest priority. , it is a perfect time to do your own research with magic mushroom spores. If you are adventurous, Washington is home to a large variety of psychedelic mushrooms that you could find near Seattle. Hypholoma sp., Hebeloma sp. Strolling around any San Francisco neighborhood its not uncommon to see a dozen species of urban mushrooms growing in gardens and the landscaped areas of office buildings or apartment complexes. But as Uehling puts it, anytime wood chips become available, you're going to see wood-decay fungi, including psilocybe.. Need Access to Shrooms? Secure your supply with DoubleBlind! Interested in having a psychedelic experience, but don't know where to start? from Council member Andrew Lewiss office explains the ordinance was passed due to the fact that entheogens, commonly known psychedelics, have been shown to benefit the well-being of individuals suffering from depression, severe anxiety, problematic substance use, post-traumatic stress, end-of-life anxiety, grief, and intergenerational trauma., The most convenient way to get spores in Seattle is by purchasing them online. 105k members in the ShroomID community. This year's rainy season has been a bit confusing. Wavy-capped psilocybe cyanescens are your best bet for mushroom hunting in urban areas in the Pacific Northwest. Now that psilocybin containing mushrooms are. A spore swab is made using a sterile cotton swab to run through the gills of the mushroom to collect the spores. Mengelm K, Geurtzen, G.Iron Chlorosis on Calcareous Soils. SOUP & The Rattlesnake Bite! One dried gram, or as little as a few dried shrooms, could be a potent dose, so psychonauts (or psilonauts) should be cautious with these powerful fungi. But if you can find some sort of office park with a square mile of wood chips, then you can just walk around all afternoon and there will be several patches.. cyanesens. In my youth, I traveled to Toledo, Oregon for Thanksgiving. It will be very noticeable. She founded Gaia's Farm and Gardens,aworking sustainable permaculture farm, and writes for Gaia Grows, a local newspaper column. The weather is finally cooling down enough for mushrooms to make their appearance above ground. Cuttings for flowering quince should be semi-hardwood cuttingspartially mature wood with fully sized mature leaves but some green wood attached to firm stems. Jordan Jacobs, a recreational magic mushroom forager, scours woodchips for their fungal bounty. Wilson Bros. Gardens. Azurescens grow readily within mulched garden beds, since they like open shady areas, with reasonable moisture and deciduous trees. Chaenomeles speciosa, commonly called flowering quince, is a dense, broad-rounded, deciduous shrub with often-tangled, spiny, gray-brown twigs. I've seen lots of other types of fungi though. Potted flowering quince plants generally need to be repotted every two to three years. And there is no need to look any further to buy high quality mushroom spores than here at Inoculate The World. They have been found in Washington, California, and British Columbia, with online groups now spreading them further afield. The cap is hygrophanous: As it dries out it changes color, becoming a dirty brown or yellow. January 03, 2019, YELLOW CONE FLOWER - Rudbeckia laciniata - The Echinacea analog that not only stimulates the immune system, but moves out waste even better! It is worth noting that harvesting Psilocybe azurescens is a potential felony that is enforced by local law enforcement agencies. What You Should Know. Prepare your alder wood, sterilize it. If you memorize the species listed and their attributes, research them extensively, confer with an expert, and learn how to do a spore print, you can eventually safely harvest psilocybin mushrooms. Fluffy - mature seeds will get on everything! Journal of Plant Nutrition,v9,3-7,161-173,1986, doi:10.1080/01904168609363434. Continue growing the plants until they reach a height of about 12 inches, then transplant. With pure species plants, the bloom period can be quite as short as a week, though some hybrid varieties are touted as being "long-blooming." Temperature is maintained around 20 degrees C, humidity averages between 45-55% (currently 45%). Plant Propagation by Stem Cuttings. David Beaulieu is a landscaping expert and plant photographer, with 20 years of experience. Long COVID patients turn to unproven treatments, Why evenings can be harder on people with dementia, This disease often goes under-diagnosedunless youre white, This sacred site could be Georgias first national park, See glow-in-the-dark mushrooms in Brazils other rainforest, 9 things to know about Holi, Indias most colorful festival, Anyone can discover a fossil on this beach. These are truly a winner. Flowering quince is typically planted in the fall or winter months as a nursery container plant and must be watered consistently until the roots are established. Psychedelic Legalization in Colorado The 2022 midterms was an important election in many states across the US. Despite being new to science, and possibly new to nature, theyre fairly common in this region. June 02, 2019, YERBA MANSA - (Part Two) An Important Medicine Plant! ITW | Copyright 2023 All Rights Reserved |, Looking to get psychedelic mushroom spores in Seattle, WA? P.ovoideocystidiata, also called ovoids, look similar but are a little bigger with thicker stems. What happened!. The Pacific Northwest is home to lots of them. This is not uncommon with the wood lovers, with P. cyanescens, and P. subaeruginosa also known to do well in urban environments.P. Enjoy, and bask in the shared vibes. In more northern climates, protecting the root zone with a thick layer of mulch will help young plants survive the cold. By placing the cap on a piece of foil or paper, gills down, a spore print can be created to aid in identification, or used for cultivation.Taxonomically, Psilocybe azurescens are described as having a dark caramel-colored cap (pileus) that is three to ten centimeters broad, conic to convex in shape, and flattening with age, with a persistent broad umbo (the nipple-like feature). Fungi are really nutritious to eat, says Slot, and because neither dung nor loose pieces of wood offer much protection, he believes mushrooms likely evolved the ability to produce psychoactive compounds as a defense against grazing animals. Silvatica also likes to grow in the woods. With its thorny habit and relatively short bloom season, flowering quince is not a great specimen plant, but it works well planted en masse along borders or as an informal barrier hedge.
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